奥运会起源英语_奥运会的起源英语

奥林匹克运动会历史：

The Olympic Games originated in ancient Greece more than 2,000 years ago and was named after Olympia.?

After the ancient Olympic Games was suspended for 1,500 years, the Frenchman Coubertin proposed the initiative of the modern Olympic Games at the end of the 19th century.?

The Olympic Committee was established in 1894, the first Olympic Games was held in 1896.

The first Winter Olympics was held in 1924, the first Paralympic Games was held in 1960.

The first Youth Olympic Games was held in 2010, and the first Youth Olympic Games was held in 2012. .

In July 2017, the International Olympic Committee decided to host the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris, France, hosted the 2028 Olympic Games in Los Angeles.

And officially announced at the 131st Plenary Session of the International Olympic Committee in Lima, Peru on September 14.?

The ownership of the two Olympic Games.

翻译：

奥林匹克运动会发源于两千多年前的古希腊，因举办地在奥林匹亚而得名。古代奥林匹克运动会停办了1500年之后，法国人顾拜旦于19世纪末提出举办现代奥林匹克运动会的倡议。

1894年成立奥委会，1896年举办了首届奥运会，1924年举办了首届冬奥会，1960年举办了首届残奥会，2010年举办了首届青奥会，2012年举办了首届青冬奥会。

2017年7月，国际奥委会决定由法国巴黎承办2024年奥运会，由美国洛杉矶承办2028年奥运会，并于9月14日在秘鲁首都利马召开的国际奥委会第131次全会中正式宣布这两届奥运会的归属。

扩展资料：

1948年，国际奥林匹克委员会将每年6月23日设立为国际奥林匹克日，旨在纪念现代奥林匹克运动会。回顾人类运动发展史，我们发现，人类自古便有喜爱玩耍的特性，古代各国也都曾有过许多对游戏的记载。

古希腊人通过将单纯的游戏发展成为运动，以全民参与的形式，将人类之间的斗争意识转化为竞争精神，用更高、更快、更强的理念，来体验和挑战身体与精神的极限。

古希腊奥林匹亚的运动会已具备现代奥林匹克运动会的雏形。

据说远在公元前11世纪，古希腊便出现了定期举办的运动赛会。不过那时的运动会大都是地区性的，并且只有赛跑一种项目。公元前8世纪，奥林匹亚地区的运动会发展至鼎盛，逐渐形成包括希腊许多其他城邦，以及小亚细亚等诸多地区共同参加的体育盛事。

当时的运动会被誉为“献给奥林波斯的宙斯的运动会”，以表示对神话传说中主神宙斯的崇拜。运动会每4年举办一次，第一次有记载的赛事发生于公元前776年，这便是我们今天熟知的古代奥林匹克运动会。

最初，运动会只举行一天，公元前472年举办的第七十七届运动会延长至5天。第一天清晨，人们在“迎宾馆”举行开幕仪式。随后，运动员、教练员、年轻运动员的父亲或兄长宣誓遵守比赛规则。宣誓完毕，运动员及裁判员走过通向体育场的甬道，接受来自地母神德米特拉女祭司的祝福。

第二天上午举行赛马和战车比赛，下午是五项全能比赛，晚间还要举行纪念佩洛普斯的活动，因为人们认为奥林匹克运动会的起源与他有着直接的关系。第三天是运动会最重要的一天。这一天，首先举行祭祀宙斯的活动，人们在祭坛前为他献上100头牛，随后进行盛大的游行。

下午则是赛跑、长跑、往返跑等赛事。体育场内跑道的长度为192.27米，即一个“斯达德”。

据说这是根据大力士赫拉克勒斯的脚长而定，相传他的双脚巨大无比且跑步如飞，人们便将他脚长的600倍定为一个“斯达德”，作为跑步比赛的基本单位。如今，希腊文和欧洲许多其他语言仍在使用这一词汇，意为“体育场”（Studio）。

第四天举行如摔跤、拳击等力量型比赛，第五天就要举行颁奖仪式了。胜利者佩戴橄榄枝花冠，人们在宴会上欢唱赞歌，时常庆祝到下一天清晨。

当时，奥林匹亚的运动会是全希腊最为盛大的运动盛事，来自各地的优秀运动员无不以参赛为荣，而获得比赛胜利，则是一个运动员所能获得的最大荣誉。

人民网-古代奥林匹克的故事

上面是中文，下面是英文，你自己挑吧

一项上帝的运动

很久很久以前，举办奥运会是为了纪念神秘的神--宙斯，希腊众神之父。开始的时候，奥运会只是一个地方性竞赛，到了后来越来越多的希腊城帮参加进来。在大约1200年时间中一共组织过293次。

奥运会场馆由寺庙、大厅和运动场组成。宙斯神庙是世界七大奇迹之一，里面有一尊高40英尺象牙镀金神像。

一项为了希腊自由的运动

在雅典以西320公里的地方有一座名叫奥林匹亚的城市，位于爱丽丝州一个美丽的山谷。历史上第一个有组织的奥运会于公元前776年在这里举行。运动会每四年举办一次，只向自由出生在希腊的男子开放。开始的时候，大多数运动员都来自富裕家庭，因为他们得自己支付费用。

比赛前，所有参赛运动员都要宣誓，说他们达到了训练要求，也就是说，在奥运会开幕前的10个月里，他们必须不停地训练，并且在开幕前30天内受到奥林匹亚官员的监督。在罗马时代，罗马人也有权参加比赛。

女子被禁止进入体育场，一个原因是所有径赛项目都是裸体进行的。

在公元前776?#20844;元前728期间，只有一项运动。

开始时只有一个比赛项目，那就是单脚赛跑。这个比赛也叫做?#26031;塔德?#65292;连续13届奥运会上唯一的一个项目。那是一个大约185米的赛跑，比赛在一条笔直的草径上进行。几百年来，这个奖励不仅对获奖者是一种人荣誉，对他的家人和他的城市都是一种荣誉。

公元前724?12年期间，有了更多的比赛项目

笔直的竞走变成了绕着一个椭圆形的跑道，一圈这样的跑道叫做体育场，这个名字现在世界各地都用来指一个运动场所。从第14届奥运会开始，又增添了新的赛跑项目，如跑两圈的（大约370米），而在第15届奥运会上又增加了一个12圈的赛跑。自第16届奥运会起，又开始了一个24圈的长距离赛跑项目。

在公元前708年，奥运会引入了其他运动

在公元前708年举办的由更多的城帮参赛的第18届奥运会上，如斯巴达人，增加了第一个对抗性项目：摔跤。同时还加入了五项全能：跳远，标枪，赛跑，铁饼和摔跤。五个项目在同一个下午举行。

公元前688年，奥运会引入了拳击

在公元前688年举办的第20届奥运会上，一项目前最受欢迎的运动被引入奥运会，那就是拳击。拳击用的手套是用软牛皮做的。拳击比赛没有时间限制，运动员倒地，或者一个运动员伸出一个或两个手指，表示自己认输，比赛就宣告结束。也没有重量的分类，对手是随机选择的。

公元前680年，增加了马术运动

马术运动是在公元前680年引入奥运会的。体育场地方太小，无法组织由四匹马拉的马车进行比赛，因此在体育场旁边的赛马场举行。

公元前648年引入了一项不同的对抗艺术项目：拳击摔跤比赛

在公元前648年举办的第33届奥运会上增加了一项新的运动：拳击摔跤比赛，这是现在的奥运会上所没有的。这是拳击和摔跤的结合，是一项古希腊时代非常粗野、不受限制的运动。这项运动现在还存在，但其比赛规则已作了修改。

公元前632年，奥运会大大延长时间

公元前632年举办的奥运会延长到七天。举办奥运会仍然是为了表示对神的敬意，因此第一天是一些准备性仪式和祭祀活动。后面的五天是比赛，第七天是颁奖和会餐。这一年，加入了由男孩参加的拳击和摔跤比赛。

公元前580年，戴着盔甲赛跑

5公元前580年全副武装的男子进行戴着盔甲赛跑比赛，沿运动场跑两圈。

公元前500年，奥运会有50个项目

当时有50多个项目

公元前150年，罗马人

罗马人在公元前150年征服了希腊帝国。

公元393?94年，最后一次古代奥运会

在1200年时间内举办了300届古代奥运会之后，在公元393年在奥林匹亚举办了最后一届古代奥运会。罗马的第一个信基督教的帝王西奥多西斯一世禁止所有异教庆祝活动和膜拜仪式，因此奥运会在394年被解散。奥林匹亚的宙斯神庙受西奥多西斯二世的命令也被烧毁。

A game for a God

Once upon a time the Olympics was an event that started in order to honour the mythical God Zeus, the father of Greek Gods. From the beginning the Olympics was a local competition but later on more and more Greek city states participated. 293 events were organized during almost twelve centuries.

The Olympic area was a combination of temples, halls and the stadium. The Temple of Zeus was one of the Seven Wonders of the World with a 40 feet high statue in gold and ivory of the god.

A game for freeborn Greek

In a beautiful valley, at the city of Olympia in the state of Elis, 320 km west of Athens, the first organised Olympic Games were held 776 BC. The games took place every four years and were open only for freeborn Greek men. Most of the athletes came in the beginning from wealthy families because they had to pay their own expenses.

Before participating the Games all participants had to take an oath that they had fulfilled the training requirements which mean that they had to train constantly 10 months before the Olympics and had to stay 30 days before the games under the eyes of officials in Olympia. During the Roman years, Romans had the right to participate as well.

Women were forbidden to enter the stadium and one reason could be that all the races were run in the nude.

776 BC – 728 BC, Only one event

In the beginning there were only one event, a single foot race. The race was called the “Stade” and was the only event for 13 Olympics. An approx. 185 metres race, the first times on a straight strip of grass. The first athlete ever to win an Olympic race was a young cook from Elis, named Koroibus who received a wreath of wild olive leaves as his prize. This prize was through the centuries not only an honour for the winner but also for his family and city.

724 BC – 712 BC, More races

The straight “Stade” was changed to an oval racing track and an one-lap sprint was called a “Stadium” which name today is used for a sports arena all over the world. New running events were added from the 14th Olympics, two laps (approx. 370 metres) and in the next Olympiad a 12 laps race. In the 16th Olympiad the long distance race 24 laps started.

708 BC, Other sports are introduced

In 708 BC, at the 18th Olympiad, when more city states participated, especially the Spartans the first combat sport was introduced: Wrestling. At the same games pentathlon were introduced: Jumping, javelin, running, discus and wrestling, all performed in the same afternoon.

688 BC, Boxing is introduced

At the 20th Olympiad in 688 BC one of the most popular Olympic sports even today was introduced: Boxing. The gloves were made of straps of soft ox-hide. The boxing matches had no time limit and ended if the fighter fell to the ground or one of the fighters held up one or to fingers to show that he admitted defeat. There were no weight categories, opponents were chosen by random.

680 BC, Equestrian sports

Equestrian sports was introduced in 680BC. The stadium was to small for the Four Horse Chariot Race so the horse racing was held at the hippodrome next to the stadium.

648 BC, Pancration, a different fighting art

A new sport event that was introduced at the 33rd Olympics in 648 BC, , which not exists today at the Olympics, was Pancration. A combination of boxing and wrestling, a sport of rather violent and unrestrained nature in ancient Greece. The sport exists still but today with modified rules.

632 BC, the Olympics is extended

632 BC the Olympic Games was extended to seven days. The games was still in honour of the goods so the first day was for preparatory ceremonies and sacrifices. The next five days was the competition and the seventh day was the award of prizes and the feasting. In 632 was also boxing and wrestling contests for boys introduced.

580 BC, Armour ruinning

580 BC heavily armed men was competing in Armed Race, two laps around the stadium.

500 BC , 50 events

There were more than 50 events.

150 BC, The Romans

The Romans conquered Greek Empire in 150 BCD

393 AD – 394 AD, The last Olympics

In 393 AD the last Olympic Games at Olympia took place after nearly 300 Olympiads and 1200 years. . One of the first Christian emperors of Rome, Theodocious I prohibited all pagan festivals and cults so the games were disbanded in 394. The temple of Zeus at Olympia was burned down by the decree of Theodocious II.